Obesity: A Disease
Obesity is emerging as a health epidemic around the world. More than 50% of the American adult population is obese. Of this group, 11 million adults suffer from severe obesity.
Obesity is an excess of total body fat, which results from caloric intake that exceeds energy usage. A measurement used to assess health risks of obesity is Body Mass Index (BMI).
The American Obesity Association reports that obese individuals have a 50-100% increased risk of death as compared to normal weight individuals, with 300,000 to 587,000 deaths each year. This substantial increase in health risks has made obesity the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States. In Childhood every growing child was told by his parents not to leave anything in the plate, but today we say eat only what is required and Please leave the extra food in the Plate. Its better to leave rather than to abuse your body.
Causes of Obesity
· The genes you inherited from your parents
· How well your body turns food into energy
· Your eating and exercising habits
· Your surroundings
· Psychological factors
Consequences of Obesity
Major health risks
· Shorter Life Expectancy
· Compared to people of normal weight, obese people have a 50% to 100% increased risk of dying prematurely
· Obese people have more risk for:
- Diabetes (type 2)- Joint problems (e.g., arthritis)- High blood pressure- Heart disease- Gallbladder problems- Certain types of cancer (breast, uterine, colon)- Digestive disorders (e.g., gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD)- Breathing difficulties (e.g., sleep apnea, asthma)- Psychological problems such as depression- Problems with fertility and pregnancy- Urinary Incontinence
Risks to psychological and social well being
· Negative self-image
· Social isolation
· Discrimination
Difficulties with day-to-day living
· Normal tasks become harder when you are obese, as movement is more difficult
· You tend to tire more quickly and you find yourself short of breath
· Public transport seats, telephone booths, and cars may be too small for you
· You may find it difficult to maintain personal hygiene
Treatment Options
Non-Surgical Treatment
Dieting, exercise, and medication have long been regarded as the conventional methods to achieve weight loss. Sometimes, these efforts are successful in the short term. However, for people who are morbidly obese, the results rarely last.. Recent research reveals that conventional methods of weight loss generally fail to produce permanent weight loss. Several studies have shown that patients on diets, exercise programs, or medication are able to lose approximately 10% of their body weight but tend to regain two-thirds of it within one year, and almost all of it within five years**. Another study found that less than 5% of patients in weight loss programs were able to maintain their reduced weight after five years*.
Surgical Treatment
Over the years, weight-loss surgery has proven to be a successful method for the treatment of morbid obesity surgical options have continued to evolve and is pleased to be able to offer patients
LAP-BAND surgery. This procedure is the least traumatic and the only adjustable and reversible obesity surgery available The LAP-BAND System provides a unique tool that can help you achieve and maintain significant weight loss, improve your health, and enhance your quality of life.
It induces weight loss by reducing the capacity of the stomach, which restricts the amount of food that can be consumed. Since its clinical introduction in 1993, more than 180,000 LAP-BAND procedures have been performed around the world.
Gastric Roux-En-Y Bypass
Here a small stomach pouch is created to restrict food intake. Next, a Y-shaped section of the small intestine is attached to the pouch to allow food to bypass the lower stomach, the duodenum (the first segment of the small intestine), and the first portion of the jejunum (the second segment of the small intestine). This bypass reduces the absorption of nutrients and thereby reduces the calorie intake.
Residual stomach capacity: 30-50mls
Estimated weight loss: 60-70% EWL over 2 years.
Tube Gastrectomy or Gastroplasty
This is a relatively new approach. It involves removing the lateral 2/3rds of the stomach with a stapling device. It can be done laparoscopically (keyhole surgery) but is not reversible. It basically leaves a stomach tube instead of a stomach sack.Sometimes it is offered to patients as part of a two stage Bypass operation particularly if they are super obese ( BMI>60) because it allows good weight loss until the patient gets down to a safe weight and the more radical bypass can then be offered laparoscopically when they are at a safer weight.
The residual stomach capacity is about 200mls so a generous entree should be possible.
Bilio Pancreatic Diversion BPD
These operations combines removal or exclusion of 2/3rds of the stomach along with a long intestinal bypass which significantly reduces the absorption of fat. The capacity to eat is greater than with the other operations, and the eventual weight loss is the best of all the operations but if fatty foods are overeaten e.g. a hamburger and fries then diarrhoea and foul flatus will result.
The residual stomach capacity is about 200mls so a generous entree should be possible.
The weight loss seems to be of the same order as a lap band ( 50-60% EWL) over two years but it is not adjustable.
It might also be a good option if patients have a problem with their lap band requiring revision, have already lost a lot of weight and don't want a full bypass.
Patient Outcomes
1) Mr. Venkat Ramana
Body Mass Index 38
Initial Weight: 107
Initial Associated Conditions: Varicose Veins (Non Healing Ulcer)
Weight at Present: 90
Associated Condition Status: Healed
Procedure Performed: Sleeve Gastrectomy
Contact No : 009140 – 27154263
2) Ms. Samita Rani
Body Mass Index 50
Initial Weight: 125
Initial Associated Conditions: NA
Weight at Present: 102
Associated Condition Status: NA
Procedure Performed: Gastric Bypass
Contact No : 009199496 56836
3) Ms. Bhagwathi Reddy
Body Mass Index 34
Initial Weight: 93
Initial Associated Conditions: NA
Weight at Present: 84
Associated Condition Status: NA
Procedure Performed: Gastric Banding
Contact No : 00919912277930 / 009140 - 27031201
4) Ms._____________
Body Mass Index 44
Initial Weight: 99
Initial Associated Conditions: NA
Weight at Present: 88
Associated Condition Status: NA
Procedure Performed: Gastric Bypass
For Details contact:
Sudhaker Jadhav
Head Marketing
Wockhardt Hospitals
Hyderabad
00919849492676
Sudhaker.jadhav@wockhardthospitals.com
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